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Answer: The priest who would provide a Protestant minister with altar breads to be used by the latter at his religious service would thereby perform an act of material co-operation toward a false and unauthorized form of cult. Now, according to theological principles, a person may cooperate materially toward another’s bad action provided that his own act is lawful, that he merely permits (and does not positively will) the bad action, and that his act directly produces some good effect sufficiently beneficial to justify his allowing the bad action to take place. The greater and the nearer to the sinful action is one’s co-operation, the greater must be the reason to justify it. Now, the cooperation toward an objectively sinful religious service would be so proximate on the part of a priest who would furnish the Protestant minister with altar breads specially prepared for communion, that it is difficult to see how there could be in normal circumstances a sufficiently grave reason to justify it. Certainly, the priest could not find an adequate reason in the fact that he wishes to retain the minister’s friendship, or that he fears he will be regarded as a bigot if he refuses the request. In the even that the minister erroneously regards himself as a priest, possessing the power of validly consecrating the Holy Eucharist, the co-operation of the priest would be still more unjustifiable, inasmuch as it would promote, not simply a false religious rite, but even idolatry. If one could imagine circumstances in which there would be a threat of death if the priest did not comply, he might be allowed to give the altar breads.